Danielle Nierenberg is modest in describing the work of the think tank she founded in 2013, Food Tank. With the objective of reforming the global food system, it shares ideas and solutions that are being successfully applied to improve agricultural conditions and nutritional behaviours. Yet Nierenberg points out that Food Tank is simply giving a voice to those who are truly making an impact, such as the countless female agricultural workers she’s met all over the world and whose experiences she so ably brings to the table. And that’s exactly what sets the think tank apart: the stories and research it publishes, both original and in partnership with universities and other organisations, are relevant to all those who are looking to make a difference in the global food system, from farmers and producers all the way to businesses, academics and policy-makers.

Women work in a barley field in the village of Muaibira in Iraq © Wathiq Khuzaie/Getty Images

Israeli Druze women harvest Viognier grapes for the Golan Heights winery, which was founded over two decades ago on the volcanic plateau that Israel captured from Syria in the 1967 Six Day War © David Silverman/Getty Images

A Va ethnic minority woman works on a field in Wengding village in Yunnan province, China © China Photos/Getty Images

Sowing rice in a paddy field near Talesh, Iran © Majid/Getty Images

A Palestinian woman collects fallen olives near the village of Hawarra in the West Bank © David Silverman/Getty Images

Chinese women lay hay in a grid to prevent sand from floating with the wind in the Baijitan Conservation Area's desert in China. Almost 800 million hectares of farmland have been turning into desert © Feng Li/Getty Images

Women harvest potatoes in Afghanistan. In the central highlands wheat and potatoes are the main crops. Most families grow enough to feed themselves for seven months a year but a high-carb diet of mostly bread and potatoes leads to malnutrition © Paula Bronstein /Getty Images

A woman holds a Crocus stigma to separate Sativus, the saffron crocus, during the saffron harvest near the village of Goriyan in Herat, Afghanistan. Around 2500 farmers in eight provinces work on saffron farms for export mostly to India and some European countries © Majid Saeedi/Getty Images

Afghan women pick strawberries at the Badam Bagh farm in Kabul. The women make about 5 dollars a day working at the 55 hectares farm that grows 22 kinds of fruits and vegetables © Paula Bronstein /Getty Images

Helping a mule give birth to Suffolk lamb triplets in Kirkcowan, Scotland. Carol McKenna farms beef and sheep on Gas Farm, which has been in her family for over 80 years. She is one of the growing number of women in the UK who are choosing a career in farming © Jeff J. Mitchell/Getty Images

Women pick tea leaves at the Moriuchi Tea Farm in Shizuoka, Japan, an area responsible for 45 per cent of the country's overall production. From late April to early May farmers handpick Shincha (the first tea of the year), usually considered of the highest quality © Chris McGrath/Getty Images

A Tibetan woman with her yak herd, a traditional source of income, at a camp for pickers of cordycep, also known as caterpillar fungus, in the Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Qinghai province © Kevin Frayer/Getty Images

Danielle Nierenberg, founder of Food Tank, at Seeds&Chips

Nierenberg travels the world – when we spoke to her at the 2017 edition of Seeds&Chips, the food and innovation summit held in Milan in May, she cited having visited over seventy countries – exploring innovative projects that develop more sustainable ways of growing and consuming food, as well as talking at events that put actors representing different parts of the global food chain face to face. We met at Seeds&Chips to talk about gender, innovation and the sustainable choices we should be making.

What role can women play in making the global food system more sustainable?
Women are already making the global food system more sustainable, they’re just not recognised for it. Women make up nearly half of the world’s food producers but don’t have access to credit, land, financial services and education – and this comes at our own peril. The FAO (the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organisation) has predicted that if women had the same access to resources as men they could increase yields by 20 to 30 per cent and lift 200 million people out of hunger. Yet we continue to discriminate against them based on their gender. Being able to tell their stories, putting more women farmers, storytellers, scientists and advocates on panels at conferences such as Seeds&Chips is important in making sure that diversity is there. Not just gender diversity but socioeconomic and cultural diversity.

What advancements have been made in the last decade in terms of improving the conditions of female farmers, and how have these impacted the food system?
I’ve had the honour of travelling to seventy plus countries and I’ve seen many innovative projects that are recognising the role women play. One of my favourites is a theatre group from Zimbabwe that travels through southern Africa going into communities and putting on plays that describe women’s important role. You have women-run cooperatives: I saw one in Niger that was made up of about fifty women farmers. They were growing different indigenous crops, leafy greens, ornamentals and fruit trees, selling them and keeping some of what they grew: they raised their incomes to 1500 dollars a year (from less than 300 dollars). When you ask these women how their lives have changed, it’s incredible what they say. Women said, “I was able to buy my husband a bicycle to get to his farm”, “I was able to send my girl child to school for the first time, “I’m fatter now”. Though we need quantitative data, it’s those stories of how women’s lives have changed from one season to the next that are so powerful.

How does the move towards increasingly localised food production, seen for example in the growth of urban vertical farming, sit with a globalised food system?
I don’t think localised food systems, especially hyper-localised ones, are the way to change the world. I believe they’re a part of it – they get people more interested in agriculture – but I don’t know if having your own dishwasher-sized vertical farm in your home is changing the food system. There needs to be more connection between consumers and actual farmers, whether they’re urban or rural. While urban farming has so much potential, we still need to have a lot of rural-urban linkages. I like to think more about regionalised food systems, so that it’s not just urban versus rural farmers but there’s connection and continuity. I saw a great project in Nairobi where urban farmers were providing native seed varieties to rural farmers as the latter could no longer access them because big seed companies had taken over the market. That kind of thing is easily replicated and scaled.

Do you think small-scale farming or regionalised farming systems are a solution to climate change mitigation?
Absolutely, they have to be. We already have small farmers dealing with climate change, they’re coming up with solutions, resilient and regenerative practices. We’ve pitted big farmers against small farmers but they’re all in it together, especially now. Farmers in the Global North who are big or medium-sized have so much to learn from farmers in the Global South because they’ve been dealing with a lot of the challenges that farmers in the Global North are now just getting an inkling of. Look at drought and flooding: farmers in the Global South have been dealing with those challenges for a long time.

How has the election of Donald Trump – largely supported in rural areas – affected the food system?
What’s happening now is that a lot of us who believe in sustainable agriculture systems are fighting for what we gained over the last decade, which wasn’t a lot to be honest. What Food Tank has tried to do is convene different sides. We’re bringing corporati